واکاوی مفهوم امنیّت آب از منظر جغرافیای سیاسی و ژئوپلیتیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 جغرافیا، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آب، بنیاد پیدایش، ماندگاری و کارایی واحدهای سیاسی- فضایی است. امنیّت آب گواه بر توانایی قلمروداران در تأمین آب کافی و مطمئن برای برآوَردن نیازهای اجتماعی، اقتصادی و پایداری زیست محیطی است. طی چند دهه اخیر مؤلفه‌های طبیعی و انسانی همچون تغییرات اقلیمی، رشد جمعیت، گسترش شهرنشینی، رشد و توسعه اقتصادی و.. امنیت آب را به یکی از جستارهای جغرافیای سیاسی بدل ساخته است. پژوهش حاضر که ماهیت بنیادی دارد مفهوم امنیت آب از منظر جغرافیای سیاسی را با بهره‌گیری از روش-شناسی توصیفی- تحلیلی کانون واکاوی خود قرار داده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که امنیت آب در مقیاس‌های محلی، ملی، منطقه‌ای و جهانی می‌تواند همبستگی ملی، پیوستگی سرزمینی و کنش متقابل فضایی واحدهای سیاسی- فضایی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. در مقیاس محلی و ملی نا‌امنی برخاسته از عدم دسترسی پایدار به منابع آب برای شهروندان می‌تواند ثبات و امنیت واحدهای سیاسی- فضایی را برآشوبد و به چالش مشروعیت نظام سیاسی بیانجامد. در مقیاس فرا ملی (منطقه‌ای و جهانی) ناامنی آب در مناسبات هیدروپلیتیک بیشتر در قالب هماوردی و کشمکش کشورها نمود می‎یابد بدین معنا که کشورهای بالادست از عنصر آب به عنوان یکی از ابزارها و اهرم-های قدرت برای مهار و فشار بر کشورهای همسایه و پایین دست استفاده می‎کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Foucauldian Analysis of "Water security "Concept in Terms of Political Geography and Geopolitics

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamidreza nosrati 1
  • Morad Kaviani rad 2
  • Farzaneh Sasanpour 3
1 PhD in Political Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate professor at kharazmi University, Tehran,Iran
چکیده [English]

Water is the foundation of observation, sustainability and unitary political-spatial efficiency. Water safety is evidence of the ability of sugar beetters to provide adequate and safe water to meet social, economic and environmental sustainability needs. Over the past few decades, natural and human components such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, economic growth and economic development have become the subject of a geopolitical essay. The present research, which has a fundamental nature, has placed the concept of water security in a geopolitical perspective using its descriptive-analytical methodology. The results of the research showed that water security at local, national, regional and global scales could affect the nationality of solidarity, regional solidarity and cooperation between space-space units. On a local and national scale, insecurity from the lack of sustainable access to water resources for citizens can meet the stability and security of the political-space units and challenge the legitimacy of the political system. On a transnational (regional and global) scale, water insecurity in hydro-polytechnic relations is more in the form of struggle and struggle in the countries, which means that the upstream countries of the water element as a means and powers of power to contain and exert pressure on neighboring countries And downstream.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Security
  • Water Security
  • Water Crisis
  • Political geography
  • Geopolitics and Hydro politics
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