ژئوپلیتیک، هویت و تحلیل گفتمان مناقشات مناطق قبیله ای پاکستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات توسعه، مدرسه اقتصاد و مدیریت، لیسبون، پرتغال

چکیده

پس از یازده سپتامبر، ساخت گفتمانی هویت در تفسیر سیاست خارجی از طریق گفتمانها به یک معیار در سیاست بین الملل تبدیل شده است. به اعتقاد نگارنده، تفاسیر توسط گفتمان غالب از طریق متن، سخنان یا رسانه ها ارائه می شود. گفتمانها نه تنها ایجاد کننده روایتی هایی در سطوح ملی و بین المللی هستند، بلکه سیاست های خاصی را نیز منطقی و سایر موارد را غیرقابل تصور می کنند. چیزی که در مناطق قبیله ای پاکستان اتفاق افتاد. هویت اجتماعی و فرهنگی پشتون از طریق گفتمان اصلی به عنوان علت درگیری در افغانستان و پاکستان نادرست نشان داده می شود. این مقاله با استناد به نظریه گفتمان پسا ساختاری لن هانسن، استدلال می کند که ساخت گفتمان هویت پشتون نه تنها ژئوپلیتیک را عقلانی می کند، بلکه تضاد و درگیری در مناطق قبیله ای را نیز توجیه می کند. در ادامه مقاله استدلال می شود که درگیری در منطقه باید به عنوان یک مبارزه قدرت منطقه ای برای خدمت به اهداف ژئواستراتژیک بازیگران تلقی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Geopolitics, identity, and discourse analysis of conflict in Pakistan’s tribal areas.

نویسنده [English]

  • Asif Iqbal Dawar
Ph.D. research scholar in development studies at the Lisbon School of Economics and Management (ISEG), University of Lisbon, Portugal.
چکیده [English]

In the post 9/11, the discursive construction of identity through discourses has become a norm in international politics in justifying foreign policies. What makes us believe is the interpretation given by dominant discourse through text, speeches, or media. Discourses not only construct a narrative on the national and international front but also rationalize certain policies and make other unthinkable. This is how it happened in Pakistan’s tribal areas[1]. The Pashtun social and cultural identity is mispresented through mainstream discourse as a cause of the conflict both in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Drawing on Lene Hansen post-structuralist discourse theory, this paper questions Pakistan''s mainstream discourse and evaluates how and why Pashtun social identity is discursively co-constituted in post 9/11? The paper argues that the discursive construction of Pashtun’s identity not only rationalizes geopolitics but also justifies the ongoing conflict in the tribal areas. The paper further argues that the prolonged conflict in the region should be understood as a regional power struggle for serving their geostrategic objective. 



[1]. Recently merged into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and known as “Khyber Pakhtunkhwa tribal districts”. But still in academic literature, the region is referring as “tribal areas”.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Post-structuralist discourse
  • Conflict
  • Identity
  • Taliban
  • Foreign policy

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 آذر 1398

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