Geopolitics Quarterly

Geopolitics Quarterly

India's Policy towards Latin America: Development Stages and Future Possibilities

Document Type : Original Article

Author
College of Political Science, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.
Abstract
Latin America has witnessed radical transformations for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. The most important features of the transformations revolve around the orientations of India’s policies. The most important of these differences is the abandonment by most of these countries of the centrality of the ideology of hostility to Western imperialism, and the adoption of an approach based on reforming the global system to serve their interests, and a pragmatism supporting multilateralism (as opposed to non-alignment) to confront multidimensional threats, through multilateralism and building coalitions across ideology, in addition to strategic hedging and resistance to joining alliances under the umbrella of the great powers. This new global environment, and the rise of the influence of the major powers in the global south and their efforts to promote their national interests as a strategic priority, created geopolitical, economic and value complexities for India, which produced an approach to its orientations to compete towards the Latin continent.
Keywords

Subjects


  1. Abdullah, H. Q. (2014). International Competition for Oil and Natural Gas and Its Impact on International Relations. Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 1(1), 115-148. doi:https://doi.org/10.25130/tjfps.v1i1.8.
  2. Ahmed, M. (2023). The Rising Pole: Features of Indian Foreign Policy in 2023. Retrieved from Cairo News website: https://bit.ly/3UuDlOH.
  3. Akram, W. (2023). Why is India reaching out to Latin America? Retrieved 8 20, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3We4eYK.
  4. Al-Diwani, A.G. (2016). A New Model? Indian Foreign Policy Moves in the World Future Center for Advanced Research and Studies. Retrieved 9 18, 2024, from https://bit.ly/4aDdx8J.
  5. America? W. I (2023). Daily Current Affairs, Dhyeya IAS. Retrieved 9 11, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3Qd3eAf.
  6. Arise, L. (2023). India-Latin America Relations. Retrieved 9 11, 2024, from https://bit.ly/43Z93XE.
  7. Arora, S. (2020). India-Latin America & Caribbean Relations, the Diplomatist Magazine. Retrieved 9 17, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3xYiXg2.
  8. Aziz Adnan Ali, M.F. (2022). International competition under the Corona pandemic. Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 1(27), 51-70.
  9. Aziz, A. A. (2018). New Actors: The Indian Role in the International System (Opportunities and Challenges). Hammurabi Journal, 27-28.
  10. Bahrami Moghadam, S. (2024). Comparative Study of the Concept of Look East in the Foreign Policy of Iran and India. Geopolitics Quarterly, 20(2), 134-150. doi:10.22034/igq.2024.179391.
  11. Desai, R.D. (2015). A New Era for India-Latin America Relations. Retrieved 8 20, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3Uz4WP6.
  12. Farajirad, A. (2015). Scientific and Technological Development and its Impact on the Rising of Regional Power (Comparative Study: I.R. Iran and India). Geopolitics Quarterly, 11(39), 59-83. Doi: 20.1001 .1.17354331. 1394.11.39.3.8.
  13. Gharawi, M. (2023). Will India Become a Major Global Power? Independent Arabia. Retrieved 8 27, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3xCOl3O.
  14. Haji-Yousefi, A. M. (2021). Geopolitics, Geo-economics and the Prospect of Iran-India Cooperation in Chabahar. Geopolitics Quarterly, 17(3), 61-87. doi:20.1001.1.17354331.1400.17.63.3.8.
  15. Halim, I.A. (2023). The Indian Bridge: Will New Delhi’s G20 Leadership Achieve Global South Goals? Retrieved from Interregional Strategic Analysis: https://www.interregional.com.
  16. Hameed, K.N. (2016). American Smart Power Project towards Arab Spring Revolutions. Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 3(8), 142-184.
  17. IAS, T. (2019). India’s Trade with Latin America. Retrieved 8 23, 2024, from https://bit.ly/4d4R1aJ.
  18. Khalil, S.I. (2022). Geopolitics: the philosophy of place and its impact on the strategic performance of the state Iran and Turkey (Employment and Comparison Foundations). Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 1(27), 27-50.
  19. Küssner, S.D. (2013). Go South! India “Discovers” Africa and Latin America. GIGA Focus (4).
  20. Maharaj, S.B. (n.d.). India's Relations with the Latin America- Caribbean Region Prospects and Constraints. IDSA Occasional Paper. 45. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses.
  21. Marie, K.N. (2023). Transformations of French policy towards Iraq after 2014 (Nature and paths of interaction). Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 3(Issue Private Issue Conference of the College of Political Science (4)), 197-218.
  22. Mishra, S.M. (2023). India, Latin America in talks to expand preferential trade agreement. Retrieved from Live Mint: https://bit.ly/3WgH7fY.
  23. Oher, M.M. (2023). India’s Approach to Engagement with the Latin American Region. Retrieved from The Dialogue: bit.ly/3vXtF6d.
  24. Other, P.G. (2019). A Bridge between India and Latin America Policy Options for Deeper Economic Cooperation. Inter-American Development Bank.
  25. Pardo, C.U. (n.d.). Asia and Latin America Relations in the Twenty-First Century: A Review. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/44eTQlg.
  26. Rabiee, H.K. (2016). Geo-culture and Security, Israel's Actions in Iranian Culture Territory (Case Study: India). Geopolitics Quarterly, 12(44), 66-85. doi:20.1001.1.17354331.1395.12.44.4.6.
  27. Relations, D.D.L. (2022). Sansad TV. Retrieved 9 18, 2024, from https://bit.ly/4bbOSs2.
  28. Relations, I.L.A. (n.d.). BYJU'S. Retrieved 8 29, 2024, from https:// bit.ly/ 4b5G6vs.
  29. Adhikari, A.R. (2007). India’s Changing Geopolitical Code: an Attempt at Analysis. Geopolitics Quarterly, 3(10), 4-32. Doi: 20.1001.1.17354331. 1386. 3.10.5.6.
  30. Seshasayee, H. (2016). India is Rising Presence in Latin America. Retrieved from Americas Quarterly: https://bit.ly/3WbRrG4.
  31. Seshasayee, H. (2020). The Ebb and Flow of India-Latin America Ties: Exploring Opportunities with Colombia.
  32. Seshasayee, H. (2020, 10 10). India-Latin America relations are being powered by economic diplomacy. Retrieved from India Global Business: https://bit.ly/49GoB3H.
  33. Seshasayee, H. (2020, 9 20). Re-examining India – Latin America ties in an Asian and global context, Asia Power Watch. Retrieved 9 15, 2024, from https://bit.ly/49RY8jG.
  34. Seshasayee, H. (2023). Redrawing India-Latin America Relations in the 21st Century, Observer Research Foundation. Retrieved 9 20, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3JwkIUe.
  35. Shidore, S. (2013). New Frontiers in South-South Engagement Relationship between India and Latin America & the Caribbean. Delhi: Indian Council of World Affairs.
  36. Tawfeeq, S.N. (2021). Rising Powers: A Study of Indicators and international standing. Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 2(24), 333-366.
  37. Tawfeeq, S.N. (2022). The role of US financial institutions in the international economic sanctions mechanism. Tikrit Journal for Political Science, 4(26), 121-147.
  38. Times, T.E. (2023). Relationship between India, countries of Latin America critical element of India's foreign policy. Retrieved 9 19, 2024, from https:// bit.ly/3QdtXwE.
  39. Viswanathan, R. (2017). Trump Triggers Greater Latin American Interest in India. Retrieved from the wire: https://bit.ly/3QdVZIo.
  40. Viswanathan, R. (2019). India's impact in Latin America beyond exports. Retrieved 8 25, 2024, from https://bit.ly/3PWfjK4.
  41. Viswanathan, R. (2023). Latin America and India add value to each other in business and beyond…. Retrieved from Financial Express: https://bit.ly/
  42. Viswanathan, R. (n.d.). India and Latin America: a new perception and a new partnership. ARI (37).
Volume 21, Issue 2
Summer 2025
Pages 191-218

  • Receive Date 21 November 2024
  • Revise Date 18 December 2024
  • Accept Date 21 December 2024