1. Abdullah, F. (2022). Cold War, Russian Invasion on Ukraine Reverberate Echoes of Cold War, University of Dhaka This discussion of Afghanistan’s pre-1978 history draws on a number of sources, including among others Thomas.
2. Ahmadi, S. (2012). Explanation of the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Geographical Buffer Spaces. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.
3. Agnew, J (1998). Geopolitics. Encyclopdia-Encarta,C.D.
4. Andreas. K (2014). Ukraine and Russia: Legacies of the imperial past and competing memories Accepted 3 March 2014 Journal of Eurasian Studies.
5. Anna, W. (2022). DIRECTOR FOR NORTHERN EUROPE AT THE ATLANTIC COUNCIL, Carnegie.
6. Averre, D (2016). "The EU and Russia: Managing the New Security Environment in the Wider Europe", European Policy Analysis, Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies, April, at: http://www.sieps.se/sites/default/files.
7. Aubrey, D; Thomas M, The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica.
8. Bukkvoll, T. (1997). Ukraine and European security. London: royal institute of international affairs.
9. Chay, J. (1986). Korea, a Buffer State in World Politics, ed. John Chay and Thomas Ross, Boulder, Westview Press.
10. Chand, Bibek (2023). Reframing the Buffer State in Contemporary International Relations: Nepal’s Relations with India and China, Publisher: Rutledge May 2023.
11. Cornell, S. (2016). "The Fallacy of Compartmenttalisation: the West and Russia from Ukraine to Syria", European View, Vol.15, No1.
12. Dehghani Firoozabadi, S. J (2009). Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Samt Publications.
13. Ezzati, E (2003). Geopolitics in 21th century, Tehran, Samt Press.
14. Ghalibaf, M; Pourmousavi, M. (2007). Geopolitics and Foreign Policy, Geographical Researches, No. 66.
15. Glassner, Martin Ira. (1993). Political Geography, New York: john Wiley &sons, Inc.
16. Hafeznia, M.R; Ahmadi, S; Bernard, H (2013). Explanation of the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Geographical Buffer Spaces, Geopolitics Quarterly Volume: 8, No 4, winter 2013, PP 1-4.
17. Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza (2006). Principles and Concepts of Geopolitics; Tehran, Amirkabir Press.
18. Hafeznia, M.R (2002). Political geography of Iran. Tehran, Samt Publishing
19. Hafeznia, M.R (1998). The Persian Gulf and the strategic role of the strait of Hormoz. Tehran, Samt Publishing
20. Hekmatnejad, N; Ramadani M. A. (2014). Analyzing the Performance of European Union Neighborhood Policy, Iranian Journal of International Politics Third year, number 2, pp. 71-49.
21. Jakob T, (2019). International encyclopedia of the first word war, Universität Zürich.
22. Putin, V. (2014). ‘Obrashchenie Presidenta Rossiiskoi Federatsii’, 18 March, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/20603, accessed 18 April 2018.
23. Kopler (2011). Ukrainische und russische Nation Prozesse der Nationsbildung: Böhlau.
24. Kuzio, T. (2016). ‘European Identity, Euromaidan, and Ukrainian Nationalism’, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 22, 4.
25. Pir, G (1971). Geopolitics and Geostrategy, translated by Hasan Ali Rukni, Tehran, National Defense University Press.
26. ZIba Kalam, S; Others. (2014). "Explaining the fall of the Yankovic government in Ukraine", World Politics Quarterly, No 4.
27. Qavam, A. A (2010). Politicology (Basics of Political Science), Tehran, Samt Publications.
28. Rinehart E.I; Nikitin, M. B. D. (2016). North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation, Emma Chanlett-Avery, Coordinator, Congressional Research Service, Available at: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/R 41259. pdf.
29. Laurent Goetschel, (2020). Neutral States as Peace Mediators: Favoured or Restrained by Norms, Swiss Political Science Review 26(4): 527–534.
30. Mojtahedzadeh, P (2002). Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tehran, Samt Press.
31. Shahmoradi, H; Sheikh Al-Islami, H (2017). Politics and International Relations Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 3, -112, Pages 91-112.
32. Wit, J.; Poneman, D.; Gallucci, R. (2004). ‘Going Critical: The First North Korean Nuclear Crisis', Brookings institution press.
33. Yle, (2022). ‘Statsminister Marin hoppas på Natokonsensus mellan partierna i vår: “Betyder inte.
34. Yodfat,M.A. ( 1977). In the Direction of the Persian Gulf- The Soviet Union and the Persian Gulf, London.
35. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/crs/RS20526.pdf
36. http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/UNIS/article/viewFile/44794/42212
37. The Joint Civilian-Military Investigation Group, “Investigation Result on the Sinking of ROKS "Cheonan,"” May 20, 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/20_05_10jigreport.pdf.